Meteo Observations at IGMK

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====== G-band Radar for Water vapor profiling and Arctic Clouds GRaWAC ======

//Mentor: [[https://geomet.uni-koeln.de/institut/beschaeftigte/schnitt|S. Schnitt]]//

{{:wiki:nya:grawac.png?400|}}

GRaWAC during test measurements at ([[http://www.radiometer-physics.de/|RPG]]).\\

===== Principle =====

GRaWAC is an active Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) cloud radar with dual frequencies at 167.3 and 174.7 GHz with Doppler capabilities. GRaWAC can be operated on an aircraft (nadir looking) or from the ground (zenith observations).\\

At both frequencies, the cloud radar transmits saw tooth frequency chirps. The combination of the two frequencies near the 183.3 water vapor absorption line enables the retrieval of water vapor profiles using the Differential Absorption Radar (DAR) technique in cloudy and precipitating conditions. It has a vertical resolution of 30 m and a sensitivity of -43 dBZ at 1 km, 1 s. \\

===== Data =====

  * If you are interested in receiving data, please contact: // [[http://www.geomet.uni-koeln.de/das-institut/mitarbeiter/schnitt/|Sabrina Schnitt]] //

  * [[https://atmos.meteo.uni-koeln.de/~hatpro/dataBrowser/dataBrowser1.html?site=Ny-Alesund&date=2025-03-03&UpperLeft=GRaWAC_Overview | Quicklook archive]]

===== Deployment =====
^  Period  ^  Place  ^  Project  ^
|  03/2026 - 04/2026  | Polar 5, Svalbard | [[http://www.ac3-tr.de/|(AC)3]] |
|  02/2025 - 03/2025  | [[http://www.awipev.eu/|AWIPEV at Ny-Ålesund]], Norway | [[http://www.ac3-tr.de/|(AC)3]] |

===== Specifications =====
^ Parameter  ^ Specification  ^
| Frequency | 167.3 ± 0.1 GHz   &   174.7 ± 0.1 GHz |  
| Wavelength | 1.8 mm & 1.7 mm | 
| Transmitter Power | 70 mW & 90 mW | 
| Antenna gain | 54.6 dB |  
| Receiver Noise | 5.5 dB |  
| Receiver Intermediate Frequency | 4 MHz | 
| Dynamic Range | 58 dB |  
| Antenna Diameter | 0.5 m | 
| Beam Width | 0.36° |  
| Power consumption | 700 W | 
| Weight | 116 kg | 
| Dimensions | 115 cm x 90 cm x 90 cm | 
| Chirp Variations | 4 typical (10 possible, re-programmable) |
| Data Products | Reflectivity, Doppler-velocity, Spectral Width, Higher Moments, Doppler Spectra, LWC profiles  |
| Data Formats | proprietary binary, netCDF (conformity with CF convention), ASCII (only moment profiles)  |
| Manufacturer | [[http://www.radiometer-physics.de/|RPG]] | 

===== Literature =====

**Schnitt, S.**, **M. Mech**, J. Goliasch, T. Rose, and **S. Crewell**: G-band Radar for Water vapor and Arctic Clouds (GRaWAC): novel insights on Arctic water vapor, clouds and precipitation, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5563, 2025.